Theresa May set for further talks with EU leaders

MPs voted 317 to 301 in favour of replacing the backstop, the insurance policy designed to avoid a hard border in Ireland in the event of no deal. But the EU has said it will not change the legal text agreed with the UK PM.

May is also set for talks with Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn after MPs backed an amendment rejecting no deal.

The prime minister said that, after taking the votes into account and talking to the EU, her revised deal would be brought back to the Commons "as soon as possible" for a second "meaningful vote".

READ MORE: High risk of UK crashing out says EU negotiator

However, various EU leaders have suggested there will be no revisions to the deal, with European Council President Donald Tusk saying: "The backstop is part of the withdrawal agreement, and the withdrawal agreement is not open for renegotiation."

French President Emmanuel Macron also said the agreement was "not renegotiable", while Irish Foreign Minister Simon Coveney said the backstop arrangement remained "necessary" despite the vote.

Tusk added the EU would, however, be willing to look at the political declaration again - the part of the deal that makes a pledge on the future relationship between the UK and the EU, and that the EU would "stand ready" to consider any "reasoned request" for an extension to the leave date of 29 March.

An amendment rejecting a no-deal Brexit also won the support of Parliament on Tuesday,  but the vote was not binding, meaning the date for exit remains 29 March.

Nevertheless, Corbyn said as a result of the message from MPs rejecting no deal, he would now meet the prime minister to discuss the next steps.

He had previously refused to meet May unless she ruled out a no-deal Brexit herself.

Corbyn said, "After months of refusing to take the chaos of no deal off the table, the prime minister must now face the reality that no deal is not an option."

Five other amendments, including Labour MP Yvette Cooper's bid to delay Brexit if May does not get her deal through Parliament, were defeated.

May is hoping the support for Graham Brady's amendment to look at alternatives to the backstop gives her a stronger negotiating position with the EU.

The controversial element of the PM's original plan is the insurance policy to prevent checks on goods and people returning to the Northern Ireland border.

It would effectively keep the UK inside the EU's customs union, but with Northern Ireland also conforming to some rules of the single market.

May admitted herself that renegotiations 'would not be easy'

It was one of the main reasons May's Brexit deal was voted down in Parliament by a historic margin earlier in January as critics say a different status for Northern Ireland could threaten the existence of the UK and fear that the backstop could become permanent.

She told the Commons there was now a "substantial and sustainable" majority of MPs supporting leaving the EU with a deal, but admitted renegotiation "will not be easy".

The leader of the Democratic Unionist Party in Westminster, Nigel Dodds, said it was a "significant night" and his MPs would work with the prime minister "to deliver the right deal for the United Kingdom".

But the leader of the SNP in Westminster, Ian Blackford, said that passing the amendment had seen the government "rip up the Good Friday Agreement," integral to the peace process in Northern Ireland.

Liberal Democrat leader Vince Cable said the Commons had given the prime minister "contradictory instructions to have no deal but pursue a course of action that will lead to a no deal".

The prime minister has invited Tory MP Caroline Spelman, Labour MP Jack Dromey and others who tabled amendments to prevent a no deal to discuss how to move forward and secure a deal for Brexit.

She has also promised the government will "redouble its efforts to get a deal this House can support".

The so-called Brady amendment could pave the way for a plan known as the "Malthouse compromise" as an alternative to the backstop.

Engineered by both Leavers and Remainers, and led by Tory minister Kit Malthouse, the proposal includes extending the transition period for a year and protecting EU citizens' rights, instead of using the backstop

The deputy chairman of the pro-Leave European Research Group, Tory MP Steve Baker, said he hoped by the group giving its support to the amendment, MPs could "now make rapid progress towards the Malthouse compromise".

But fellow ERG member Mark Francois warned there was no guarantee the group would back the PM and said he would wait to see what she comes back with from Brussels.

May's spokesman said she would "engage" with colleagues proposing the compromise, but would also look at other options - including putting a time limit on the backstop and seeking a way to exit it.

The PM's revised deal will return to the Commons to be voted on.

But, if it is again rejected, the government will table an amendable motion, meaning MPs can put forward more amendments as they did earlier, for debate the following day.

And if Parliament agrees no new deal by 13 February, she will make a statement and, again, table an amendable motion for debate the next day.